In the present study, stage addition of chemical reagents is used to improve copper grade and recovery of coarse size fractions (i.e.,>100 µm) at industrial rougher flotation cells.
Figure 4 shows a piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) of the experimental rig. The first cell, C-1, is fed with a mixture of water and reagents driven by the peristaltic pump, P-4, from the tank, T-1. The tailings flowrate from C-1 feeds the second cell, C-2 via a peristaltic pump, P-1; and the tailings from C-2 go to the third cell, C-3, via a peristaltic pump, P-2.
5.4.2 Flotation Reagents In coal flotation, only collectors and frothers are generally used as chemical reagents. The collector enhances the hydrophobic property of coal. Kerosene or No 2 fuel oil are usually used as collectors, while aliphatic alcohols such as MIBC (methyl isobutyl carbinol) and glycols are normally used as frothers.
In a flotation system the surfactant reagents which are used for the conversion of the mineral surface from hydrophilic to hydrophobic in nature are termed as collectors (figure 4).[10] They can be classified as: Hydrophobicpart S-Na+ Hydrophilicpart Figure 4: Sodiumethylxanthate, an example of collector
Activators, depressants, and pH regulators are often referred to as modifiers or regulators of the flotation process. The main purpose of these reagents is to modify the action of the collector on mineral surfaces and therefore govern the selectivity of the flotation process.
Among the flotation reagents, commonly used activators for flotation are sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sodium sulfide, copper sulfate and so on. Inhibitors: It is a kind of reagents mainly used to increase the hydrophilicity of minerals and to form a hydrophilic film on the surface of the ore particles in flotation process.
There are a number of cells able to be used for the flotation of minerals. these include flotation columns and mechanical flotation cells. The flotation columns are used for finer minerals and typically have a higher grade and lower recovery of minerals than mechanical flotation cells. The cells in use at the moment can exceed 300 m 3. This is ...
In order to perform flotation experiments, different reagents including collectors, frothers and depressants (used in the rougher stage) were studied. The specifications and conditions of the ...
Modern classification of flotation reagents is based on the function of a particular reagent. On this basis, reagents are divided into collectors, frothers, regulators, and depressants. Collectors are a fairly large group of organic chemical compounds, which differ in chemical composition and function.
Flotation Frothers. Among all flotation reagents, the main function of the flotation frothers is to promote the formation of uniform bubbles and enhance the elasticity of the surface of the bubble. It can also make the bubbles generated by flotation more stable and not easily deformed. Even when subjected to vibration or other external force ...
By adding reagents into the flotation cells to adjust the physical and chemical properties of a mineral, the desired mineral can float to the top of the flotation cells and then be collected as concentrate. ... In this paper, to estimate the bubble size PDF, an improved kernel function estimation method is proposed, that is, a different kernel ...
The Cell produces fast mineral flotation rates, especially for very fine mineral particles. [3] It produces high concentrate grades from fast floating liberated particles [4] and is able to do this from a single stage of flotation. [4]
The literature on the processing of phosphate rocks by flotation is critically reviewed. Commonly used collectors, depressants, auxiliary reagents, and their mixtures in the flotation of...
It. flotation cell after grinding and flotation test was performed for ten minutes with a Humboldt Wedag flotation machine. Six separate concentrates were collected at 15 sec, 30 sec, I min., 2 min., 5 min. and 10 min. intervals. The pulp pH was adjusted to nearly 11.8 before flotation at all the tests. The chemical analysis of the products was ...
Defination: Flotation reagent usually refers to a group of mining chemicals used to adjust the floatability of minerals in mineral froth flotation process, which can artificially increase the difference in wettability between various minerals, thereby achieving the separation of useful minerals and gangue minerals.
Optimization of a Copper/Molybdenum Flotation Circuit by Depressing Pyrite from the Rougher Flotation Stage Using Different Scheme of Reagents A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master Of Science in Metallurgical Engineering by Wander A. Valderrama Dr. Carl C. Nesbitt/Thesis Advisor May 2020
In general, Xinhai helps customers to determine the scientific and reasonable flotation reagents system according to the results of mineral processing test, and continuously adjusts the flotation reagents system in the production, so as to obtain the ideal technical and economic indicators. How to confirm the type of flotation reagent?
By adding reagents into the flotation cells to adjust the physical and chemical properties of a mineral, the desired mineral can float to the top of the flotation cells and then be collected as concentrate. Finally, the useless gangue remains in the pulp and can be discarded as tailings.
Advantage: high reagent concentration, easy to add. Several-time dosing: Add the flotation reagents in several times along roughing, concentrating and scavenging. Generally, add 60%~70% of the total amount before the flotation stage, and the rest of reagents is added to the appropriate locations in batches. Application: Oxidizing, labile and ...
Flotation reagents are mainly used to regulate the floatability of minerals. The purpose of reasonably adding flotation reagents is to ensure that the optimum concentration of the flotation reagents is maintained in the pulp for maximum efficacy. Get Price Flotation Cell - an overview ScienceDirect Topics
After lead flotation at optimum pH 8, the flotation of zinc at a different pH (5–11.5), with two collector types, was performed to study the recovery and grade of zinc in the zinc concentrate.
2.1.4. Reagents Used in Froth Flotation. 2.1.4.1. Collector. mineral surface hydrophobic by adsorbing onto its surface [33]. Collector molecules can be ionizing or non-ionizing. Non ionizing collectors do not dissociate in water and work by covering the mineral surface in form of a thin film, hence making the mineral surface hydrophobic.
Among the flotation reagents, commonly used inhibitors for flotation are sodium thioglycolate, sodium sulfide, sodium silicate and sodium cyanide. Dispersants: It is mainly used to prevent the aggregation of fine-grained minerals and make them in a monomer state. The particles can be easily wetted in the medium while remaining in a dispersed state.
In this paper, flotation kinetics studies on a composite feed of −0.5 mm and three split-sized feeds including −0.5+0.25, −0.25+0.1, and −0.1 mm were conducted by using four different ...
Abstract—A reagent dosage hybrid control strategy for the antimony flotation process is proposed in this work. This strategy consists of two parts: reagent dosage tracking control based on a froth size probability density function (PDF) and reagent dosage compensation control based on a distributed-machine vision predictive model.
In order to accentuate the differences in surface features of sulfur minerals (hydrophobic state) and non-sulfide gangue minerals (NSG), particular reagents (e.g., collectors, frothers, and...
Flotation tests were performed using different reagents including collector (Gas oil, Kerosene and Pine oil), frother (MIBC) and depressant (sodium silicate, tannic acid, sulfuric acid and...
In order to investigate the effect of depressing reagents, such as SHAP, sodium silicate, and oxalic acid, on scheelite flotation and structure–activity relationship, Zeta potential of scheelite surface in the presence and absence of depressing agent was measured (Fig. 7) and the group electronegativity ( x g) of depressing reagent was calculated.
After conditioning, the flotation was started with the injection of air in the flotation cell, while the self-aerated regulator was kept entirely open in all the flotation tests. The...
Application: Oxidizing, labile and reactive reagents, such as xanthate, sulfur dioxide gas; Reagents that are insoluble in water and can be taken away by the froth, such as oleic acid, aliphatic amine; Reagents required a strict dosage, such as sodium sulfide. Consult Message Email Classic Cases Morocco 500tpd silver ore flotation project
In comminution, the size reduction of particles is done by three types of forces: compression, impact and attrition. Compression and impact forces are extensively used in crushing operations while attrition is the dominant force in grinding.
Abstract. Handbook of Flotation Reagents: Chemistry, Theory and Practice is a condensed form of the fundamental knowledge of chemical reagents commonly used in flotation and is addressed to the ...
Smarter reagent use. Turning to flotation reagents, Frank Cappuccitti, President of Flottec explains that Flottec and Cidra are "working very hard jointly on developing instruments that will ...
Abstract— Reagent optimization is very important in the recovery of valuable metals from their ore via flotation. This is particularly important for large platinum operations where correct reagent regime and addition system can provide improvement opportunities in recovery and grade. Also reagent optimization can reduce ...